Machine tool



16. 1929, 3 Sheets-Sheet l 9 11. III: g; `l Il I I l I I I I l I I I l I I I I I l I II u u l1 u II u Il |1 Il il n I I IgE-ORS ATTORN EY LENW IIIIIHHIITHJL.

uw MII E. J. KE'ARNEY ET AL MACHINE TOOL Filed Sep-l;

Nov. 17, 193.1?

N0 17, 1931, E. J. KEARNEY ET AL 1,832,487

MACHINE Tool.

Filed sept.

' s. sheets-snelst 2 NOV- 17, 1931. E. .1. KEARNEY ET AL 1,832,487

MACHINE TooL Filed Sept. 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTORJ 3 iauf if H94/ l195i- Il Patented Nov. 17, 1931 UNITED STATESy PATENTv OFFICE EDWARD J'. .KARNEY, .JOSEPH B. ARMITAGE, OF' WAUWATOSA, WISCONSIN, 'ASSIGNRS T0 KEARNEY 8s Y'IlRLEGIKEIR- CORPORATION, OF WEST ALLIS, WISCONSIN,

- CGRPORATION OF WISCONSIN MACHINE TOOL Application led September 16, 1929. Serial No. 392,805.

This invention relates to machine tools and particularly'to milling machines including lubricating and cooling huid systems.

A purpose of the invention is to provide an improved machine having a lubricating system in combination with a system for the circulation of tool or Work cooling liquids and to prevent the mixing of the liquids from the different systems.

A further purpose relates to improvements in the lubrication of the driving mechanism of a machine tool table, particularly a niilling machine table and more particularly to the lubrication of the screwl and slides thereof. f

A further purpose relates to improved means forprevent-ing the mixing of foreign substances, cuttings or dust with the lubrication system of a reciprocatory support and to the retaining of lubricant for purposes of lubrication-of such a support, and particularly for the guides and immediate actuating mechanism of such a support.

A further purpose is to generally simplify and improve the construction and opera-l tion of lubricating systems for machine tools, and still other purposes will be apparent from the specification and claims.

The invention consists in the construction and combination of parts as herein illustrated, described, and claimed and in such modiications thereof as may be equivalent to the claims.

In the drawings like reference characters have been used to designate the same parts in each of the several views, of which:

Fig. 1 is a right side elevation of a milling machine which includes the invention. /y

Fig. 2 is a front elevation of the same machine. y

Fig. 3 is a plan view of the base of the machine, the table and spindle carrying head being removed.

Fig. 4 is a partial cross-section taken on line 4.-4 of Fig. 2 and enlarged.

Fig. 5 is an enlarged partial section along line 5-5 of Fig. 4.

Fig. 6 shows an enlarged vertical section through a device for visibly indicating lubricant flow. Y

ved on 'oase 1, a head or support 3, guided on- Figs. 7 and 7a are enlarged views of a detail shown in Fig. 9.

Fig, 8 is a partial cross section taken along line 8-8 of Fig. 1 and enlarged` Fig. 9 is a partial cross section taken along line 9-9 of Fig. 2 and enlarged.

Fig. 10 is a partial longitudinal section taken along line 10-10 of Fig. 9.

rlhe machine includes a base or support 1, a table or work support 2 reciprocably guidbase 1 for movement in a path transverse to the direction of movement of table 2, a spindle carrier or support 4 guided for vertical movement relative to head 3, and a spindle or tool support 5 rotatably supported in carrier f'\ The head 3 may be manually moved b v means of a screw 6, Fig. 1, -journaled in bracket 7 fixed on bed 1, having a squared portion 6a adapted to receive a crank, not shown, and threadedlyengaging a nut portion 3ft-fixed with the head 3.

Carrier 4 may be manually moved by means of a shaft 8, Fig. 2, journaled in head 3 and' having a squared end portion 8a adapted to receive a crank, not shown, and upon which is lixed a beveled pinion 9 engaging a bevel gear 10 fixed on a screw 11 journaled in head 3 andV engaging a nut or threaded portion 4a lixed with carrier 4.

Spindle 5 may be driven from a power source consisting of a pulley 12, Fig. 1, ac-

'tuated from any suitable means as for 1nstance from a motor 12a, Fig. 3, housed in base 1,.through a transmission as follows: Pulley 12 is fixed on shaft 13, Figs. 1-2, which drives a shaft 14 through a clutch generally denoted by numeral 15 and consisting of a member 16 slidably rotatable on shaft 13 for engagement or disengagement of a friction cone portion thereon with a complementary friction cone portion of a clutch member 17 fixed on shaft 13. A gear 18 ixed with clutch member 16 drives a gear 19 fixed on a shaft 14 through a gear 20, fixed on a shaft 21 whenever clutch member 16 is shifted to engage clutch member 17.

Clutch 15. is manually operable from a hand lever 22, Figs. 1-2, fixed on a shaft 23 upon 100 which is also a lever 24 connected with a pivoted/ lever 25 by the means of a pivotmember 16.

. A bevel gear 29, Figs. 1-2, is slidably keyed to shaft 14 and drives a bevel gear 30 fixed en a shaft 31 journaled in head 3, gears 29-30 being supported from a bracket or housing 32, fixed for movement with head 3. Shaft 31 drives a shaft 33, Fig. 2, through a rate changer enerally denoted as 34, consisting of interchangeably replaceable gears 35-36 of di fl'erent diameters. Shaft 33 drives shaft 37 journaled in carrier 4 and bodily vertically movable therewith by the means of a gear 38 fixed on shaft 33 and a gear 39 slidabl splined for axial movement of shaft 3 through the gear during movement of the carrier. Shaft 37 drives spindle 5 through a bevel pinion 40 fixed on the shaft and a bevel gear 41 fixed on spindle 5.

Table 2 may be driven from the shaft 14 through a'transmission as follows: Shaft 14,

Figs. 1-2, rotates at constant speed whenever spindle 5 is rotated and carries a worm 42, which meshes with a wormwheel 43 fixed to a shaft 44. A shaft ,45 is arranged parallel to shaft 44 and driven therefrom througha rate changer, enerally denoted as 46 and consisting of different diametered interchangei ably replaceable gears 4711-475.' Fixed on the shaft is a gear 48, Fig. 3, which drives a gear 49 fixed on a shaft 50. A bevel gear 51 is freely rotatable on shaft 50 and has clutch teeth 51a engageable with complementary clutch teeth 52a of a clutch member 52 slidably keyed to shaft 50. Clutch member 52 may be shifted to engage the complementary clutch teeth, in which case bevel gear 51 transmits through a bevel gear 53 supported on a stud 56 to a bevel gear 54 fixed with a spur gear 55, rotatably supported on shaft 50. The bevel gear 54 has clutch teeth 54a engageable with complementary clutch teeth 521) on clutch member 52 which may be shifted to drive the gears 54--55 directly instead of-through the bevel gears 51-53. Spur gear 55 meshes with a gear 57 which is slidably keyed to table screw 58, Fig. 2, whereby the arrangement just described constitutes a reverser for the table screw. The screw is supported for rotation and fixed axially in bearings 59-60 which arerbolted `to' ends of table 2. Screw 58 threadedly engages a nut 61, fixed with base 1 and as the screw is rotated in one direction or the other, the table is caused to feed to right or left relative to tool spindle 5.

The reverser clutch member 52 is manually shiftable by the-means of a hand lever 62, Figs. 1, 2, 3, fixed on a shaft 63 upon which is fixed a fork 64 which engages an annular groove 65 in clutch member 52.

. The reverser clutch member 52 is automatically shiftable from dogs 66-66a adj ustably fixed on table 2 by the means of a,tee slot 67 and bolts 67 a--67 b to contact with one or the other of trip plungers 68-69. These plungers are provided with rack teeth which mesh with a pinion 70 fixed on shaft 63. When lever 62 is moved to engage clutch member 52 for either direction of table travel, one or the other of plungers 68-69 will be raised and whichever of the plungers is in a raised position, will be contacted and forced down by one of the advancing dogs during the table movement. The arrangement is such that a dog moves shaft 63 to disengage clutch member v52 from its clutch engagement in either diiction of table travel, whereby to stop the ta e.

f A coolant fluid system for the supply of coolant to the cutters and work is as follows:

A centrifugal pump 71, Figs. 1-2, is driven from the spindle drive train through the shaft 21 by the means of a bevel gear 72 fixed to the shaft 21 which meshes with a pinion 73 fixed on pump shaft 74 whereby the pump is actuated only when the spindle rotates. The pump body 75 is fixed with base 1 within which is a coolant reservoir 76 containing coolant into which the inlet passage of the pump is submerged. Piping 77 leads from the outlet port of the pump upward and outside of base 1 connecting by flexible tube 78 and piping 79 with discharge nozzles 80-80a which are supported from an overarm 81 fixed with carrier 4 in which spindle 5 is j ournaled. For fixing the piping 79 and the nozzles with the overarm there is provided a slotted clamp member 82 having bores to receive the overarm and pipe and contracted to clamp thereon by the means of a bolt 82a. Valves 83-83a in the delivery piping furnish means for checking of coolant supply or for complete shut-ofl". The fluid thus delivered over the work and cutters flows over the top of the table 2 but is prevented from traveling to the ends of the table which overhang the base by a series of holes such as 89-90, igs. 4-5, extending from the top of the table into cross passages such as 88, Figs. 2-4-5, which deliver fluid onto the base at the sides of the table, the base being provided with front and rear longitudinal channels 84-85, Fig. 1. The channels 84-85 deliver fluid at each end into end pockets 86 or 87, Fig. 2, at low points of which are screened openings 9293, Figs. 2-3, from which suitable channels inside base 1 return fluid to the coolant reservoir 76 to be used again. Such passages are indicated at 95, Fig. 1, for the screened opening 93, ggd at 94, Fig. 3, for the screened openlllg A lubricant fluid system for the supply of lubricant to all the working parts of the machine is as follows: A geared type pump 96 supported from base 1 is driven from the pulley shaft 13, Figs. 1 3, through a helical gear 97 fixed on shaft 13 and a helical gear 98 fixed on the pump shaft 99 upon which is also hxed one of the pump gears 100-101 in the usual manner. The pump 96 furnishes lubricant whenever pulley l2 is caused to rotate. voir 102 containing fluid into which extends a suction pipe 103, Figs. 1 2, which com municates with the inlet port of pump 96, and from the pump outlet ports extends a main supply pipe or header 104, Figs. 1 2, from which extend various branches or systems for lubrication of dilferentportions of the machine. v

A branch system for lubrication of the spindle drive train is as follows: A flexible tube 105, Figs. 1 2-3, receives fluid from the pipe or header 104 and delivers suchfluid to a pipe 106, iixed `in the bracket or housing 32 which is fixed with head 3. The fluid is forced to a device 107 positioned at the top of head 3,` Figs. 1 6, through channels 32a- 10S-109, Fig. 1, and 110-111, Fig. 6, to a pipe 112a having a number of openings 1126,- 1120, 112e?, near its top. The fluid passes out such openings and downward over the outside of pipe 1120i, where its' flowis visible through a transparentmember, in this case a glass tube 112, and' into ,a chamber 112e out of which extends a passage 113, which leads to a chamber 36, Fig. l, within which are the gears 36 and the bearings of shafts 31-33 which are thereby provided with lubricant. From chamber 36 an outlet 3c, Fig.

l, provides communicationv` with a chamberf 3d within which are `the gears 38 -39 together with bearings for shafts 531-33 all of which are thereby lubricated. The fluid is then passed to carrier 4 by a pipe 114, Figs. 1 2, communicating with chamber 3d and extending downwardly into aV bore 115 in the vertically adjustable carrier, the pipe and channel providing constant communication on any verticalposition ofthe carrier.

The channels 116, and 116e, Figs. 1 2, provide for lubricating the bearings of shaft 37 and pass the fluid overthe bevel gears -41 and into a chamber 46 in the carrier. lThe revolving gears 40.-41 throw fluid into pockets 117 118, Fig. 1, which supply the spindle. bearings through the channels' 117a-11'8a,

`The bearings have outlet channels 1176 1186., f

From chamber 46 in carrier 4 the fluid is passed to head 3 by means of telescopic tubing 119, Figstv1 8, consisting of an Ainner pipe or tube 119a and several collapsible sections 1196--119c 119d, etc.,fitted together in the usual manner, from which the fluid passes to a pocket 119e vand thence through a channel 120 through the bore 120a provided for shaft 31 and into the hollowr interior of The base 1 provides a lubricant reserbracket 32 through a channel 326 onto gears 29- 30 The revolving gears 29-30 throw off lubricant of which a portion is received by an open groove 320, Fig. 1, to lubricate a bearinr for gear 29 having a return channel 32d. the means described all the gears and bearings in bracket 32 are lubricated.

The fluid then passes 'from the interior of bracket 32 into a bracket or housing 121, Fig. l, whichl carries various gears, shafts, and bearings, there being an upwardly open slot 121er `through which the fluid may be passed from a short pipe or nipple 32e in any position of bracket' 32 during movement of head 3. The fluid within housing 121l is brought into contact with the revolving gears 18-19, etc., whereby the interior of the housing is filled iwith flying drops of fluid, some of which will be received in pockets for the bearings such as pockets 1216 from which channels such as 1210 are led to the bearings, the surplus fluid being returned to the interior of the housing through channels such as 121d.

r|l`he surplus lubricant from bracket or housing 121 passes back to the lubricant reservoir 102 through a pipe or channel 122 which communicates at the end 122a with the interior of housing and at the other end 1226 empties into the reservoir.

lt will b'e understood that although the oiling means for all the gears .and bearings of the spindle train has not been described above I in detail, all such gears and bearings are lubricated in each of the various relatively movable frame units by means similar to that described and in a manner such that substantially all surplus lubricant is returned to reservoir 102.

A branch system for lubricating the guide bearings of table 2 is as follows: A pipe 123, Figs. 1 3-5, leads from main pipe or header 104 to a. pocket or reservoir 124 in base 1v at a level above the bearings to be oiled. A pipe 125e, Figs. 3 4, receives fluid from reservoir 124 and passes it through pipe 1256 and channel 1250 to a well 126e and through pipe 125d and channel 125e to a well 12607 in the top table bearing at the left of Fig. 4, the wells being fitted with felt and therel being grooves 129a, 1296, to deliver some of the fluid to the side left table bearing in Fig. 4. Similarly pipe 127e receives and passes fluid through a pipe 1276 and a channel 127 c to a well 128er; and a pipe 127 d and channel 127e to a well 1286 in the top right table bearing and through grooves 130a-1306 tothe side right table bearing. Also achannel 124erl passes fluid to the inner threads of nut 61. An overflow pipe 131, Figs. 3 4-5, returns th'e surplus from reservoir 124 to main reservoirl 102.

A branch system for lubricating various gears and bearings of the feed drive train is as follows: A pipe 132, Figs. 1 3-5, leads from main pipe or header 104 to a pocket or reservoir 91 in base 1 positioned above the bearing for gear 57. A channel 91a leads directly from the reservoir to the bearing of gear 57. Other bearings are supplied from the same reservoir by suitable pipes such as the pipe 132cv which deliversfluid to a pocket.

l 133 above the bearing to be oiled. The gears of the train receive surplus fluid which passes out of the bearings along the various shafts and some of such iiuid will be cast off from .the gears and retained in well v134 beneath f ly fitted to the threads of screw 58 and permitted to float or move but permanently retained in a slot in a member 136 which is guided for movement toward screw 58 by a suitable bore in. base 1 and continuously pressed toward the screw together with member 135, by a spring 137. The devices 58a, 58b, are spaced apart outside the screw portion which receives lubricant andscrape off surplus lubricant from the screw, such lubricant returning to the reservoir 102 to be used again.

The cooling fluid system previously described floods the top and sides of table 2 with cooling fluid which should not be mixed with lubricating fluid; to prevent such cooling fluid working into the lubricant system the following is provided: Along each longitudinal side underneath table 2 are grooves 139, 139a, Fig. 4. Fixed with base 1 are members 138-138a which extend u wardly into the grooves for the full longitu inal length of the table bearing on each side. Fluid passing down the sides of table 2 will not rise up inside the grooves 139, 13911, but instead will fall outside the strips or members 13S-138@ into the channels -84-85, Fig. 1, and return to the cutting fluid reservoir 76 through the channels previously described.

Means are also provided to prevent lubricant from passing out of the lubricating s stem valong the table bearing as follows: he base 1 is grooved at 140-141, Figs. 4-9, on the inner side of the strips 138-138a, the grooves extending the full length of the strips underneath the table to receive all lubricant which would otherwise pass out the sides of the table bearings to be mixed with the coolant fluid. At each end grooves 140-141 terminate in a structure which is the same for both ends andwill therefore be described only for the left end of the table bearing in Fig. 2. Grooves 140--141 respectively communicate with grooves 142-143, Figs. 9-10, which receive lubricant and pass it through grooves 144-145 to a central channel or groove 1b. Groove 1b terminates at a point adjacent nut 61, Fig. 5, and is there provided with an opening 146, Figs. 3-4, through which the fluid may return to the inside of the base and to reservoir 102.

The end structure just mentioned also provides means for returning the lubricant which would otherwise pass along the table bearings endwise, which being the same for both ends'will be described only for the left end of the table bearing in Fig. 1, as follows:

'The end grooves 142-143-F1gs. 9-10, are in part formed by end plates such as 147, fixed on the base and serving to retain plates or members 148-149. Members 148-149 are similar and one of such members is shown in detail in Figs. 7-7a. Each member is provided with surfaces such as 150, 151, thrust against the bottom and side table bearings by springs 152-153 whereby to scrape ofl' any surplus of lubricant, which drops into grooves such as 154-155 and passes to the grooves 142-143 to be returned to the reservoir 102 as previously described.

The central channels such as 1b and the lubricant pockets or reservoirs such as 91'- 124, etc., Fig. 5, are-provided with a cover member 156, Figs. 5-9-10, fixed with the base underneath the table and extending the full length of the base between the plates 147. The plates 147 are also fitted quite closely to the underside of the table as indicated in Fig. 10, whereby there is substantially no opening through which foreign substances may be received into the table lubricating system.

It is to be noted that although the branch system supplied by pipes or channels 123- 132 are at a level materially below the device 107, which visibly indicates the supply of lubricating fluid, the pipes 123-132 or some convenient portion of the fluid supply channels to each of the lower branch systems is suifxiently restricted to insure that a liberal quantity of fluid will rise to the higher levely and pass through device 107.

Thus in the case that the flow of fluid is not v visible in the device 107, it is a positive indication that the lubricating system is not operating properly and requires refilling of the lubricant reservoir or other suitable attention.

What is claimed is:

' 1. In a milling machine the combination of a base, a table horizontally reciprocably supported therefrom and having horizontal bottom guide surfaces, an arbor rotatably supported above said table, cutters on said' arbor, a drive train for said arbor including inthe order recited a power source, a rate chan er and said arbor, a transmission for said ta le and driven from said train exclusive of said rate changer, a first fluid supply system including a coolant fluid reservoir associatedl with said base, a coolant pump driven from said train, channels adapted to elevate coolant Huid from said coolant reservoir to said cutters including said pump and channels for the return of said coolant Huid to said reservoir including open ortions adjacent the longitudinal edges cip said table `and said bottom guide surfaces, a second luidsupply system including a lubricant Huid reservoir associated withvsaid base, a lubricant pump driven from said train at a point between said power source and said main clutch and channels for conducting fluid from said lubricant reservoir to said horizontal guide surfaces and including?,r said lubricant pump, and means preventling passing of fluid from the oneto the other of said supply systems including a plurality of members each longitudinally extended adjacent a longitudinal eda'e of said table and respectivelyl adjacent dii-ferent table edaes, and each adapted to interrupt movement of fluid from the one to the other of said s vstems in a direction transverse to the extension of the member.

2. In a milling machine the combination 'of a supporting structure. a table horizontally reciprocably supported therefrom. table bearing` surfaces associated with said structure for establishingr the path of table movement and defined between side and end'portions, a cutter rotatably supported above said table. a coolant reservoir associated with said structure, a power driven coolant pump, channels for circulation of coolant between said reservoir'and said cutter including said coolant pump and exterior structure portions adiacent said table bearing surfaces. a lubricant reservoir associated with said structure. a power drivenlubricant pump. a closed channel for the circulation of lubricant between said lubricant reservoir and said table bearing' surfaces and including said lubricant pump, and means associated with said side and end portions of said table bearing surfaces to prevent escape of lubricant from said closed channels` said means being?` simultaneouslv adapted to prevent the passage of.

coolant Huid into said closed channel.

In witness whereof we have hereto affixed our signatures. l

EDWARD J. KEARNEY. JOSEPH B. ARMITAGE. 

